ArticleJournal of inflammation research2025
Association Between Vitamin A and D Status and the Risk of COVID-19 in the Elderly Population: A Single-Center Experience.
Article in Journal of inflammation research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association of vitamin A and D deficiency and the presence of sepsis in the geriatric population: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- A comprehensive analysis of vitamin a deficiency burden and trends: insights from the global burden of disease study 2021 and future predictions to 2050.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Studies have confirmed that vitamins A and D are related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, little research has reported the relationship between vitamin A and D nutrition status and COVID-19 in the elderly population in China. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the association between vitamin A and D status and the risk of COVID-19 in the elderly population. Methods: From April 1st to September 20th, 2023, 32 COVID-19 patients who tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were enrolled in this study. During the same period, 30 elderly individuals undergoing health checkups were enrolled as the control group. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained via electronic medical records. Vitamin A and D levels were detected using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Vitamin A deficiency is a retinol below 30 ng/mL, and vitamin D deficiency is a 25(OH)D below 20 ng/mL. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between vitamin A and D levels, nutritional status, and the risk of COVID-19. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 24.0 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, Illinois). Results: Compared with the subjects in the control group, COVID-19 patients had lower levels of vitamins A and D. Further analysis showed that the deficiency rate of vitamins A and D in patients with COVID-19 was higher than those in the control group. Correlation analysis revealed that vitamins A and D significantly negatively correlated with respiratory rate, neutrophil counts and positively correlated with lymphocyte count. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that vitamins A and D were the independent risk factors of CIVID-19. Conclusion: Vitamins A and D were significantly lower in COVID-19 patients, and lower vitamins A and D were independently linked with a high risk of COVID-19, according to this single-center analysis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.