ArticleBioImpacts : BI2025
Immunoinformatics design of an mRNA vaccine against classical swine fever virus using conserved E2 protein and NS3 T-lymphocyte epitopes.
Article in BioImpacts : BI, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: The classical swine fever virus (CSFV) causes significant economic losses in the livestock industry. While the existing E2 marker vaccine offers protection against infections, it is characterized by delayed immunity and reduced effectiveness over time. Optimizing the existing vaccine is crucial to better control CSFV outbreaks worldwide. This study aimed to improve the existing E2 marker vaccine for CSFV by integrating NS3 T lymphocyte-inducing epitopes into the conserved E2 protein sequence and using mRNA technology for vaccine delivery. Methods: The design and evaluation of the vaccine were carried out exclusively through Results: Twenty epitopes with high binding affinity to major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) were identified from the CSFV NS3 protein. The vaccine construct with swine CD154 adjuvant demonstrated high antigenicity, making it the optimal choice for the final vaccine design. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations confirmed the adjuvant's strong affinity and stable interaction with its canonical receptor, swine CD40. Moreover, the final vaccine design exhibited higher populations of lymphocytes and antibodies compared to the components of the commercialized E2 marker vaccine in immune simulation. The final mRNA vaccine sequence exhibited a higher MFE and CAI than the two licensed mRNA vaccine controls. Conclusion: The mRNA vaccine designed in this study serves as a potential CSFV vaccine candidate.
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