ArticleVeterinary medicine and science2025
Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of Major Mastitis-Causing Pathogens: A Nine-Year Study.
Article in Veterinary medicine and science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genomic diversity and resistance determinants of staphylococci from cow and buffalo milk.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Genomic characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clonal lineage ST162 isolated from bovine-milk in South Africa.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Phylogenomics and gene association analysis support probiotic potential in a subset ofMicrobial genomics · 2026Article
- In Vitro Antimicrobial Potential of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Their Combinations Against Mastitis-Causing Bacteria in Dairy Cows.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Factors and Plasmid Replicon Patterns ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Occurrence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Major Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows in Western Romania.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Decoding Mastitis in Small Rodent Pets: Pathophysiology, Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles, and Future Directions in Treatment Strategies.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEscherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) are among the primary pathogens responsible for mastitis on dairy farms. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) exacerbates this issue, posing a significant global threat, particularly in veterinary medicine, where mastitis leads to substantial economic losses for the dairy industry.
objectivesThis retrospective study aimed to evaluate the resistance patterns of these mastitis-causing pathogens in Iran over a nine-year period (2016-2024).
methodsA total of 5275 milk samples were collected from farms of varying size (small, medium and large). Of these, 960 samples (18.19%) underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
resultsTylosin resistance was the most prevalent among all pathogen isolates, with resistance rates of 46.09% in S. aureus, 61.24% in S. agalactiae, and 91.63% in E. coli. Among the tested pathogens, E. coli exhibited the highest multidrug resistance (MDR) rate at 45.86%, followed by S. aureus (30.4%) and S. agalactiae (22.05%). For S. aureus, resistance to gentamicin increased significantly over time, whereas resistance to cloxacillin showed a marked decline. In E. coli, resistance to penicillin and amoxicillin demonstrated significant upward trends. For S. agalactiae, enrofloxacin resistance declined significantly, while resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole increased notably. Farm size was a significant predictor of MDR status, with larger farms associated with lower odds of MDR. Additionally, clinical status was linked to higher MDR odds. Seasonal variations also influenced MDR, with certain seasons showing reduced odds.
conclusionsThis study highlighted key factors contributing to MDR in mastitis pathogens. The findings emphasised the complex nature of antimicrobial resistance and the necessity for tailored strategies-such as improved farm management, seasonal interventions, and targeted antimicrobial use-to effectively mitigate resistance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.