Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40583544›Full record

ArticleEuropean psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists2025

Cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosis: a cost-effectiveness study using the EPiSODe model.

Stefan R A Konings, Maureen Berkhof, Wim Veling, Ellen Visser, Jochen Mierau, Talitha Feenstra, Richard Bruggeman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Stefan R A KoningsDepartment of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-6652-6166
Maureen BerkhofUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center of Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Wim VelingUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center of Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1364-9779
Ellen VisserRob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center of Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-6370-5484
Jochen MierauFaculty of Economics and Business, Department of Economics, Econometrics & Finance, https://ror.org/012p63287University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-9968-8807
Talitha FeenstraFaculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, https://ror.org/012p63287University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-5788-0454
Richard BruggemanRob Giel Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center of Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCognitive Behavioural Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) is an effective psychological treatment for Schizophrenia Spectrum and other psychotic Disorders (SSD). Despite guidelines recommending CBTp for all psychotic disorder patients, many SSD patients lack access to the treatment and little is known about its long-term cost-effectiveness. The aim of this study is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of CBTp for the treatment of psychotic disorders through scenario analysis from a healthcare perspective.

methodsIncreased implementation of CBTp was evaluated using a real-world SSD population (

resultsTAU+CBTp was a cost-effective treatment in 61.2% of the simulations. The simulated net present values for QALY gains were 0.038, and for incremental costs were €492 per patient on average, resulting in an expected incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of €12,947.

conclusionsThe evaluation shows that CBTp is likely a cost-effective treatment, although results were uncertain. These findings stress the importance of sufficient availability of CBTp for SSD patients. Making CBTp available for all eligible SSD patients may lead to substantial health gains for the SSD population and cost savings from the healthcare perspective in The Netherlands.

Indexed as

Cognitive Behavioral TherapyCost-Benefit AnalysisPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNetherlandsQuality-Adjusted Life Yearscognitive behavioral therapycost-effectivenessdiscrete event simulation modelpsychotic disordersscenario analysis

Identifiers

PMID40583544
PMCPMC12538173

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.