Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40581898›Full record

ArticleMolecular biotechnology2026

Overcoming Multidrug Resistance in E. coli and Salmonella Isolates from Nile Tilapia: Synergistic Effects of Novel Antibiotic Combinations.

Laiba Shafique, Muhammad Farhan Khan, Shakeela Parveen, Youhou Xu, Peng Zhu

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Molecular biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Laiba Shafique *Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Pinglu Canal and Beibu Gulf Coastal Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, Guangxi Zhuangzu, China. laibazoologist@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3428-4155
Muhammad Farhan Khan *Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Pinglu Canal and Beibu Gulf Coastal Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, Guangxi Zhuangzu, China.
Shakeela ParveenDepartment of Zoology, Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
Youhou XuGuangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Pinglu Canal and Beibu Gulf Coastal Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, Guangxi Zhuangzu, China.
Peng ZhuGuangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Pinglu Canal and Beibu Gulf Coastal Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, Guangxi Zhuangzu, China. yijianrudi@163.com.

Funding

Guangxi Overseas High-Level Talent "Hundred People Program" 81-23KYQD02Specific Research Project of Guangxi for Research Bases and Talents 81QMKYQD12
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Escherichia coli and Salmonella are significant foodborne zoonotic pathogens, causing serious human illness. The rising global prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in these species exacerbates their public health risk, complicating the treatment of bacterial infection. This study investigates its prevalence, resistant genes, and treatment strategy against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, focusing on E. coli and Salmonella isolates from Nile tilapia. Prevalence of E. coli and Salmonella was found to be 32 and 22% respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed resistance to five antibiotics in E. coli and four in Salmonella. Physiochemical properties of antibiotic resistance genes (ABRGs) indicated that the TetB gene has the highest aliphatic index in both bacteria, suggesting greater stability. All Bla proteins were hydrophobic as indicated by negative GRAVY values, which may contribute to antibiotic efflux or modification of antibiotic targets. Motif analysis identified functional domains, and cellular localization prediction showed that TetA and TetB genes are primarily expressed in the cell membrane. To combat this resistance, a checkerboard method was used to explore novel antibiotic combinations. For E. coli, one synergistic and two additive combinations were identified, while for Salmonella, two synergistic and one additive combination were effective. These results highlight the importance of regularly evaluating antibiotic combinations to combat resistance and preserve antibiotic efficacy.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsCichlidsDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialEscherichia coliSalmonellaAnimalsBacterial ProteinsDrug SynergismMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacterial ProteinsAdditive effectAntibiotic resistanceCheckerboard methodE. coliMinimal inhibitory concentrationSalmonellaSynergism

Identifiers

PMID40581898

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.