Observational studyClinical pharmacokinetics2025
Pharmacokinetics of Sufentanil After Epidural Administration During the Course of Extensive Abdominal Surgery.
Observational study in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06069219 (Pharmacokinetics of Sufentanil After Epidural Administration in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Pharmacokinetics of Sufentanil After Epidural Administration in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Postoperative Delirium Following Continuous Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block in Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture: A Case Series and Literature Review.Local and regional anesthesia · 2026Article
- Pharmacometric modeling of opioid disposition in pregnancy: a systematic review of PopPK and PBPK approaches, model limitations, and future directions.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveEpidural sufentanil is widely used for intraoperative analgesia and is recognized as a safe and effective route of administration when carefully monitored and administered at the lowest effective doses. Optimizing drug dosing requires a precise understanding of its pharmacokinetics. While it is known that sufentanil concentrations in the blood decline more slowly after epidural administration compared with intravenous administration, and the flip-flop phenomenon has been observed in this context, a pharmacokinetic model accounting for this phenomenon has not yet been described.
methodsThis study aimed to develop a pharmacokinetic model of sufentanil following epidural administration, with a focus on its absorption from the epidural space. The study was performed in 23 patients, aged 30-83 years with an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification of 2-3, undergoing major abdominal (oncologic and non-oncologic) surgery under general anesthesia and epidural analgesia. Blood samples were collected, and sufentanil concentrations were measured at time points ensuring coverage of the absorption phase. Population analysis was performed using a full Bayesian approach implemented in Stan/Torsten programs with the "cmdstanr" and "bbr.bayes" packages in RStudio.
resultsThe Bayesian approach helped incorporate prior information about sufentanil disposition. A two-compartment disposition model with two-compartmental absorption best described the data, featuring a fast absorption rate constant into plasma and the peripheral compartment, and a slow redistribution process from the epidural fat compartment.
conclusionsThis study mechanistically describes the flip-flop pharmacokinetics of sufentanil and allows for more precise dosing of epidural sufentanil (NCT06069219).
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