ArticleThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2025
The impact of inter-infection time on antimicrobial resistance profiles in women with multiple urinary tract infections over time.
Article in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Duration of same-species antimicrobial non-susceptibility persistence in urinary gram-negative bacilli: a 12-year within-patient cohort study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundUrinary tract infection (UTI) treatment in primary care is increasingly complicated by antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles are rarely available to prescribers at the point of prescription. Susceptibility profiles from previous urine culture results could inform prescribing, but little is known about associations between previous and current susceptibilities and the impact of time between infections (inter-infection time) on these associations.
methodsWe analysed routinely collected healthcare records of women ≥16 years in Oxfordshire, UK, who had two or more culture-positive urine specimens consistent with a UTI between 2013 and 2019. We used generalized additive logistic models to estimate associations between resistance to each of eight commonly prescribed antibiotics at first UTI and at second UTI, and their interaction with inter-infection time, adjusted for age and calendar year.
resultsIn 10 216 women, significant associations were observed between AMR at first and second UTIs. For all antibiotics, these were largest for short inter-infection times. Pivmecillinam resistance at first UTI (OR: 41.70; 95% CI: 27.70-62.80), followed by fosfomycin (OR: 19.90; CI: 13.66-28.92) and ciprofloxacin resistance (OR: 19.65; 95% CI: 16.30-23.75), were strongly associated with resistance to the same antibiotic at the second UTI for inter-infection times ≤3 months. Lower magnitude associations were observed for other antibiotics. For UTIs caused by Escherichia coli only, these associations were generally larger.
conclusionsIn a cohort of women experiencing UTIs, AMR at the first UTI and inter-infection time were key determinants of AMR in the second UTI. This information could inform empirical antimicrobial treatment to limit treatment failure in women with recurrent UTI.
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