Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40580517›Full record

ArticleMagnetic resonance in medicine2025

Quadruple-refocused spin-locking: A robust method for high-amplitude T

Cai Wan, Maximilian Gram, Wei He, Zheng Xu, Qingping Chen, Sebastian Littin, Thomas Lange, Maxim Zaitsev

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Magnetic resonance in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Cai WanSchool of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6804-1920
Maximilian GramDepartment of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Wei HeSchool of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
Zheng XuSchool of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
Qingping ChenDivision of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8719-7672
Sebastian LittinDivision of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8190-1761
Thomas LangeDivision of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7467-8143
Maxim ZaitsevDivision of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Funding

A harmonized vendor-agnostic environment for multi-site functional MRI studiesU24NS120056 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Jon-Fredrik Nielsen, Maxim Zaitsev · 2021 to 2026
$3.3M
Harmonizing data acquisition, reconstruction, and analysis for reproducible, cross-vendor, open source MRIR01EB032378 · NIBIB · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI BILGIC, BERKIN, RATHI, YOGESH · 2022 to 2025
$2.7M
China Scholarship CouncilChongqing Science and Health Joint Project 2023MSXM016European Union 101078393National Natural Science Foundation of China 52077023NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB032378NIH HHSNINDS NIH HHS U24 NS120056Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission CJGJZD20200617102402006Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission KJZD20230923114110019
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeLongitudinal relaxation time in the rotating frame (T

methodsThe QR-SL module consists of four 180° refocusing pulses with opposite phases and five spin-locking (SL) pulses with phase cycling according to the rotary-echo principle. The performance of the proposed QR-SL module is evaluated through numerical simulations and experimental validation in comparison to composite-SL (C-SL), balanced-SL (B-SL), and triple-refocused-SL (TR-SL) preparation modules.

resultsNumerical simulations indicate that the QR-SL module demonstrates improved tolerance to a range of B

conclusionThe QR-SL module has the potential to produce more accurate T

Indexed as

Image Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingAlgorithmsComputer SimulationHumansKnee JointPhantoms, ImagingReproducibility of ResultsSpin LabelsSpin Labelsartifacts compensationfield inhomogeneityquantitative MRIspin lockingT1ρ relaxation

Identifiers

PMID40580517
PMCPMC12322236

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.