Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40579821›Full record

ArticleThe New phytologist2026

Specimen-tailored 'lived' climate reveals precipitation onset and amount best predict specimen phenology, but only weakly predict estimated reproduction across a clade.

Megan Bontrager, Samantha J Worthy, Laura Leventhal, Julin N Maloof, Jennifer R Gremer, Johanna Schmitt, Sharon Y Strauss

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The New phytologist, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Herbarium specimens reveal a constrained seasonal climate niche despite diverged annual climates across a wildflower clade.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Megan BontragerDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3120-1983
Samantha J WorthyDepartment of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0414-2607
Laura LeventhalDepartment of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8650-5522
Julin N MaloofDepartment of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9623-2599
Jennifer R GremerDepartment of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8983-5482
Johanna SchmittDepartment of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5022-7485
Sharon Y StraussDepartment of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6117-4085

Funding

Division of Environmental Biology 1831913
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Herbarium specimens are widely distributed in space and time, thereby capturing diverse conditions. We reconstructed specimen 'lived' climate from knowledge of germination cues and collection dates for 14 annual species in the Streptanthus (s.l.) clade (Brassicaceae) to ask: which climate attributes best explain specimen phenological stage and estimated reproduction? Are climate effects on phenology and reproduction evolutionarily conserved? We used climate data geolocated to collection sites to reconstruct the climate experienced by specimens and to ask which aspects of climate best explain specimen reproductive traits. We mapped slopes of climate relationships with these traits on the phylogeny to explore evolutionary constraint and models of evolution. Precipitation amount and onset, more than temperature, best predicted specimen phenology, but weakly predicted reproduction. Earlier rainfall was associated with more phenological advancement, a relationship that showed phylogenetic signal. Few climate predictors explained specimen reproduction. Phenological compensation, interactions with other species, or challenges in estimating total reproduction from specimens may reduce the signal between climate and reproduction. We highlight the value of specimen-tailored growing season estimates for reconstructing climate, incorporating evolutionary relationships in assessing responses to climate. We propose supplemental collection protocols to increase the utility of specimens for understanding climate impacts.

Indexed as

BrassicaceaeClimateRainBiological EvolutionPhylogenyReproductionSeasonsTemperatureBrassicaceaeclimate changeevolutionherbariumprecipitationrainfall timingspecimen phenologyspecimen reproduction

Identifiers

PMID40579821
PMCPMC13278654

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.