Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40578069›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of surgery2025

Association between travel burden and surgical timeliness for women with breast cancer in Georgia.

Nicole Rademacher, M Chandler McLeod, Courtney P Williams, Sofia Awan, Katherine E McElroy, Geetanjali Saini, Keerthi Gogineni, Justin M Luningham, Ritu Aneja, Lily A Gutnik

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Nicole RademacherUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Surgery, Birmingham, AL, USA.
M Chandler McLeodUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Surgery, Birmingham, AL, USA; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Transplantation, USA.
Courtney P WilliamsUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of General Internal Medicine and Population Science, USA; O'Neal Cancer Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Sofia AwanSchool of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Katherine E McElroyNext Level Medical LLC, Houston, TX, USA.
Geetanjali SainiGeorgia State University, Department of Biology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Keerthi GogineniWinship Cancer Institute, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Justin M LuninghamDepartment of Psychology, College of Science & Engineering, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
Ritu AnejaSchool of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Georgia State University, Department of Biology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Lily A GutnikUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Surgery, Birmingham, AL, USA; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, USA; School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. Electronic address: lgutnik@uabmc.edu.

Funding

Surgical Oncology Research Training ProgramT32CA229102 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI HERBERT CHEN · 2018 to 2026
$3.2M
Global Breast and Cervical Cancer Control: Implementing a Bundled Screening Approach in a Resource Limited SettingK08CA289935 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Lily Gutnik · 2025 to 2026
$384k
Evaluating the implementation and impact of standard-of-care delivered oncology financial navigationK01CA296932 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Courtney P Williams · 2025 to 2026
$384k
AHRQ HHS T32 HS013852NCI NIH HHS K01 CA296932NCI NIH HHS K08 CA289935NCI NIH HHS T32 CA229102
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThis study evaluates associations between patient distance traveled to surgical care and receipt of timely breast cancer surgery in Georgia.

methodsThis retrospective cohort study included electronic health record data from women diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer from 2004 to 2020 who received upfront surgery. Race was self-reported. Distance from patient home address to surgical treatment facility was measured as crow-fly distance. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated associations between time to surgery, race, and distance.

resultsOf 18,240 patients (White ​= ​61 ​% and Black ​= ​39 ​%) with a median distance to surgery of 11.4 miles (IQR: 5.9, 19.6), Black patients had approximately half the odds of receiving surgery within the recommended 60 days of diagnosis (OR: 0.52, 95 ​% CI: 0.47-0.56). Distance traveled was not associated with time to surgery.

conclusionUnderstanding mechanisms driving surgical care delays and their effects on breast cancer outcomes is critical to reducing inequities in breast cancer care.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsHealthcare DisparitiesHealth Services AccessibilityMastectomyTime-to-TreatmentTravelAdultAgedFemaleGeorgiaHumansMiddle AgedRetrospective Studies

Identifiers

PMID40578069
PMCPMC12355562

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.