Observational studyNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2025
Differences in Cognition and Smoking Abstinence Rates Among People With and Without HIV Who Smoke.
Observational study in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03169101 (Understanding the Role of Cognitive Dysfunction in the Treatment of Nicotine Dependence Among HIV-infected Smokers), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Understanding the Role of Cognitive Dysfunction in the Treatment of Nicotine Dependence Among HIV-infected Smokers
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Exploring tobacco, cannabis, and pain-related sleep disturbance among people with and without HIV enrolled in a tobacco smoking cessation trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionHigh rates of smoking among people with HIV (PWH) persist and may be due to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders exacerbating abstinence-induced cognitive deficits, leading to higher risk of relapse. This study assessed differences in smoking abstinence rates and abstinence-induced cognitive deficits among PWH and people without (PWOH).
methodsIn this prospective observational design (NCT03169101), treatment-seeking adults completed two laboratory sessions during a pre-quit phase to assess cognition: once following 24h abstinence and once smoking-as-usual. Cognition was measured through response inhibition, working memory, and verbal memory tasks. All received standard smoking cessation treatment over 8 weeks (i.e., counseling, nicotine patch). Point-prevalence abstinence was assessed at end-of-treatment.
resultsOur sample included 210 participants (38.1% PWH; 61.9% PWOH), who were mostly male (59.5%) and Black/African-American (76.7%). No significant HIV status by abstinence condition interactions emerged for any cognitive outcome (all ps > .4). There were significant abstinence-induced deficits in response inhibition (p = .02), working memory response time (p = .005), and verbal memory (p=<.001). No significant differences emerged in abstinence rates between PWH and PWOH (31.2%, 32.3%, respectively; OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 0.67, 2.39, p = .48).
conclusionDespite prior research suggesting differences in abstinence rates and cognition between PWH and PWOH who smoke, hypotheses were not supported. However, this is one of a few studies to directly compare people with and without HIV in a rigorously designed mechanistic smoking cessation study. Given that cognition does not appear to play a primary role in smoking among PWH, more work is needed to understand the mechanisms driving disproportionate smoking rates among PWH.
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