Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40576872›Full record

SynthesisJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2026

Inclusion of People of Color in Randomized Controlled Trials for the Unified Protocol: A Systematic Review.

Lorraine T Benuto, Stephanie R Reyes, Valeria Ramirez, Nancy Falcon-Ruiz, Gabriela Villar, Oscar F Rojas Perez

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Lorraine T BenutoDICE Center, Reno, 505 South Arlington Suite 102 Reno, NV, 89509, USA. dr.benuto@gmail.com.
Stephanie R ReyesDICE Center, Reno, 505 South Arlington Suite 102 Reno, NV, 89509, USA.
Valeria RamirezThe University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, TX, Edinburg, USA.
Nancy Falcon-RuizDICE Center, Reno, 505 South Arlington Suite 102 Reno, NV, 89509, USA.
Gabriela VillarDICE Center, Reno, 505 South Arlington Suite 102 Reno, NV, 89509, USA.
Oscar F Rojas PerezYale School of Medicine, New Haven, NV, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The inclusion of ethnic and racial minoritized communities in clinical research is crucial in order to determine the generalizability of findings that support evidence-based and empirically supported treatments. To date, many randomized controlled trials assessing evidence-based treatments have predominantly non-Latinx white samples. Therefore, it is unknown whether treatment findings are applicable across diverse groups. Though transdiagnostic treatments have shown promise among ethnic and racial groups, little is known about the Unified Protocol and its effectiveness across diverse groups. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of existing work and highlight inclusion rates of ethnic and racial minoritized communities in randomized controlled trials assessing the Unified Protocol. A systematic review of published literature focusing on randomized controlled trials utilizing the Unified Protocol with ethnic and racial minoritized communities was conducted using PsycInfo, EMBASE, PubMed, and Medline databases. The review included 19 articles (reduced from 457). This manuscript summarizes these results in terms of race and ethnicity demographics, recruitment methods, diagnoses, treatment format, treatment duration, and outcomes for adolescent and adult populations. We found that ethnic and racial minoritized communities have mostly been underrepresented in randomized controlled trials on the Unified Protocol. Finally, building from the existing literature, we provide key recommendations for clinical scientists conducting clinical outcome research with ethnic and racial minoritized communities, which can enhance the representation of underrepresented groups in research and reduce health inequities.

Indexed as

EthnicityPatient SelectionRacial GroupsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicHumansResearch DesignAnxietyPeople of colorRandomized controlled trialUnified Protocol

Identifiers

PMID40576872

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.