Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40576029›Full record

ArticleBriefings in bioinformatics2025

Should LLMs be over empowered for high-stake regulatory research?

Partha Pratim Ray

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Briefings in bioinformatics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Partha Pratim RayDepartment of Computer Applications, Sikkim University, Gangtok 737102, Sikkim, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This letter critically evaluates the feasibility of implementing open-source large language models in regulatory research, building upon the recent study on zero-shot and few-shot learning approaches for regulatory tasks. While the study demonstrates that models like Flan-T5 can effectively extract pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions and intrinsic factors from Food and Drug Administration (US) drug labels with high precision, it also highlights significant challenges, including computational constraints, performance variability, prompt sensitivity, and the risk of misclassification. To address these issues, this letter discusses intuitive ways for mitigating these limitations.

Indexed as

Large Language ModelsDrug InteractionsUnited StatesUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationLLMNLPregulatory frameworkresponsible AIshot learning

Identifiers

PMID40576029
PMCPMC12203099

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.