Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40575785›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2025

Mechanistic insights into the PAI-1 inhibitor PAItrap3: enhancing lipid metabolism in adipose tissue of diabetic db/db mice.

Linxi Wang, Zhouyangyang Zhang, Menghua Lin, Liqin Qi, Libin Liu, Zhuo Chen, Shuzhi Tang, Lijing Wang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Analysis ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Linxi Wang *Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Institute of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
Zhouyangyang Zhang *Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Institute of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
Menghua LinDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Institute of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
Liqin QiDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Institute of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
Libin LiuDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Institute of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
Zhuo ChenState Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China.
Shuzhi TangFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecology Toxicological Effects and Control for Emerging Contaminants, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Information Atlas, Fujian Provincial University, College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China.
Lijing WangDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Institute of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of PAItrap3, a novel PAI-1 inhibitor, on lipid metabolism, and autophagy pathways in diabetic mice. Methods: db/db diabetic mice were administered PAItrap3 (5.7 mg/kg/day, IV) for 21 consecutive days, and its impact on metabolic, gene expression, and lipidomic profiles was assessed. Western blot analysis was performed to examine lipid metabolism-related proteins in white adipose tissue (FASN, HSL, CPT1A, ACADM) and autophagy markers (LC3B, P62, Parkin, PGC1α, PPARGC1B). Additionally, RNA-seq and targeted lipidomics were employed to analyze gene expression and lipid metabolic alterations. Results: PAItrap3 significantly reduced blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels while improving insulin sensitivity. In lipid metabolism, FASN and HSL levels were upregulated, whereas CPT1A and ACADM levels were downregulated in the DMP group. Regarding the autophagy pathway, PPARGC1B, LC3B, and PGC1α expression levels were increased, while P62 and Parkin levels were decreased. Lipidomics analysis revealed that triglycerides (TG) and diacylglycerols (DG) were generally downregulated, with TG (18:2/18:2/18:2) (0.96 [0.8491, 1]), LPI (18:0) (0.96 [0.8491, 1]), and MLCL (14:3/20:4/22:6) (0.96 [0.8491, 1]) identified as key metabolites. Conclusion: This study finds that PAItrap3 modulates lipid metabolism, energy homeostasis, and autophagy pathways, thereby improving metabolic dysfunction in diabetic mice. These findings highlight its potential therapeutic value for treating diabetes-associated lipid metabolic disorders.

Indexed as

autophagydiabetes mellitusenergy metabolismlipid metabolismPAI-1 inhibitor

Identifiers

PMID40575785
PMCPMC12197923

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.