ArticleCureus2025
Trends in the Prevalence of Orofacial Clefts Among Hispanic Infants in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas (1997-2018).
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background Orofacial clefts (OFCs), including the cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CLP) and cleft palate alone (CP), represent significant congenital anomalies with implications for feeding, speech, and psychosocial development. The Rio Grande Valley (RGV) of Texas, a predominantly Hispanic region that faces socioeconomic and healthcare challenges, may have a distinct OFC profile compared to non-border counties (NBCs) of Texas. Methods Prevalence data with 95% confidence intervals for OFCs from 1997 to 2018 were obtained from the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS). Definitions provided by the DSHS were adhered to, including only definite diagnoses. Given the large sample sizes and annual prevalence, a two-tailed z-score analysis was utilized to compare the RGV with NBCs, assuming normal approximation per the central limit theorem. Hispanic mothers were selected as the study population to minimize confounding by ethnicity, as the RGV has a predominantly Hispanic population. Results Overall, the prevalence of CLP among children born to Hispanic mothers in the RGV was higher than in NBCs (
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