ArticleFrontiers in oncology2025
CD4 T cells correlate with better prognosis in medulloblastoma.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- IL1B-Expressing Exhausted CD4Cancer genomics & proteomicsArticle
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15 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: T cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are critical immune components within the brain tumor microenvironment (TME), yet their precise roles in medulloblastoma remains unclear. In this study, we examined the infiltration characteristics of T cells in medulloblastoma tissues and analyzed the correlation between T cells and the clinical outcomes of medulloblastoma patients. Additionally, we further investigated the relationship between T cells and TAMs. Methods: We enrolled a total of 72 patients diagnosed with medulloblastoma and subsequently detected the T cell makers and programmed death 1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) in paraffin-embedded sections using multiple immunofluorescence staining method. The correlation between T cell infiltration, clinical characteristics and prognosis were analyzed. Finally, we used Spearman correlation analysis to evaluate the correlation between T cells and TAMs. Results: The median age at diagnosis of 72 patients (54 boys, 18 girls) was 7.5 years (range: 0.8-18 years). These patients included 43 cases of classic medulloblastoma (CMB), 24 cases of desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma (DNMB), 2 cases of medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity (MBEN) and 3 cases of large-cell/anaplastic medulloblastoma (LCA). The molecular subgroups consisted of 3 wingless (WNT), 29 sonic hedgehog (SHH) and 40 non-WNT/non-SHH cases. Twenty-five cases presented with metastasis at diagnosis, while 47 cases were without metastasis. Thirteen cases exhibited with high-risk genetic abnormalities. The total T cells ( Conclusion: The increase in CD4 T cells predicts a better prognosis in medulloblastoma patients, particularly within the SHH and non-WNT/non-SHH subgroups, and they may serve as a potential therapeutic target for medulloblastoma. Additionally, there may be a potential interaction between CD4 T cells and TAMs that warrants further investigation.
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