Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40575128›Full record

ReviewPatterns (New York, N.Y.)2025

A decade of gender bias in machine translation.

Beatrice Savoldi, Jasmijn Bastings, Luisa Bentivogli, Eva Vanmassenhove

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Patterns (New York, N.Y.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Beatrice SavoldiFondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy.
Jasmijn BastingsGoogle DeepMind, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Luisa BentivogliFondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy.
Eva VanmassenhoveTilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gender bias in machine translation (MT) has been studied for over a decade, a time marked by societal, linguistic, and technological shifts. With the early optimism for a quick solution in mind, we review over 100 studies on the topic and uncover a more complex reality-one that resists a simple technical fix. While we identify key trends and advancements, persistent gaps remain. We argue that there is no simple technical solution to bias. Building on insights from our review, we examine the growing prominence of large language models and discuss the challenges and opportunities they present in the context of gender bias and translation. By doing so, we hope to inspire future work in the field to break with past limitations and to be less focused on a technical fix; more user-centric, multilingual, and multiculturally diverse; more personalized; and better grounded in real-world needs.

Indexed as

automatic translationgendergender biaslanguage modelslarge language modelsmachine translationnatural language processingneural machine translation

Identifiers

PMID40575128
PMCPMC12191736

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.