Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40575124›Full record

ArticlePatterns (New York, N.Y.)2025

Discovering the nuclear localization signal universe through a deep learning model with interpretable attention units.

Yi-Fan Li, Xiaoyong Pan, Hong-Bin Shen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Patterns (New York, N.Y.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Science advances · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
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  8. Review
  9. Article
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  11. Article
  12. C2H2 Zinc Finger Protein Family Analysis ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yi-Fan LiInstitute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai 200240, China.
Xiaoyong PanInstitute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai 200240, China.
Hong-Bin ShenInstitute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai 200240, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We describe NLSExplorer, an interpretable approach for nuclear localization signal (NLS) prediction. By utilizing the extracted information on nuclear-specific sites from the protein language model to assist in NLS detection, NLSExplorer achieves superior performance with greater than 10% improvement in the F1 score compared with existing methods on benchmark datasets and highlights other nuclear transport segments. We applied NLSExplorer to the nucleus-localized proteins in the Swiss-Prot database to extract valuable segments. A comprehensive analysis of these segments revealed a potential NLS landscape and uncovered features of nuclear transport segments across 416 species. This study introduces a powerful tool for exploring the NLS universe and provides a versatile network that can efficiently detect characteristic domains and motifs.

Indexed as

database miningdeep learninginterpretationnuclear localization signals predictionprotein language model

Identifiers

PMID40575124
PMCPMC12191761

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.