ArticleEJHaem2025
Clinical Significance of Elevated Levels of Soluble-Form Immune Checkpoint Molecules in Patients With Aggressive Adult T-Cell Leukemia-Lymphoma.
Article in EJHaem, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint (IC) pathways, including programmed death protein 1 (PD-1), its ligand PD-L1, and CTLA-4, mediate negative regulatory signals in immune responses. Recent studies in autoimmune diseases and malignancies reported that the presence of the soluble form of these ICs would reflect the overall immune status. We assessed the clinical significance of these soluble-form ICs in HTLV-1 carriers and adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) patients. Methods: After obtaining informed consent, plasma from HTLV-1 carriers and ATL patients was prospectively collected in participating centers. Plasma concentrations of soluble-form PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 (sPD-1, sPD-L1, and sCTLA-4) were measured. Results: Ninety-six cases were included (HTLV-1 carriers, Conclusion: Soluble IC levels were significantly higher in aggressive ATL than in indolent ATL, and predicted an adverse prognosis. Their clinical significance should be investigated in larger studies.
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