ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025
Induction chemoimmunotherapy may achieve non-inferior outcomes to consolidation immunotherapy in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC: a real-world multicenter retrospective study.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reshaping immunotherapy sequencing strategy: equivalent survival with induction plus consolidation vs. consolidation-only strategy in unresectable stage III NSCLC.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
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- Efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy following neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in patients with stage III NSCLC who experienced neoadjuvant failure: A real-world study.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Induction immunochemotherapy before definitive chemoradiotherapy versus definitive chemoradiotherapy alone in limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: a multicenter propensity score-matched analysis.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2026Article
- The effect of consolidation immunotherapy on patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer who received induction chemoimmunotherapy: a multicenter retrospective study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
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Abstract
Background: Consolidation immunotherapy after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the standard of care for unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the role of upfront chemoimmunotherapy before CRT remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the value of induction chemoimmunotherapy before CRT in unresectable stage III NSCLC. Methods: Unresectable stage III NSCLC patients who received induction chemoimmunotherapy before CRT or consolidation immunotherapy after CRT from four centers were retrospectively enrolled. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and one-to-one propensity score matching (PSM) was used to further minimize confounding. Results: A total of 262 patients were enrolled, with 124 (47.3%) receiving induction chemoimmunotherapy (Ind group) and 138 (52.7%) receiving consolidation immunotherapy (Con group). Further 1:1 PSM analysis showed that induction chemoimmunotherapy achieved comparable outcomes to consolidation immunotherapy (2-year PFS: 56.0% vs. 45.6%, P=0.327; 2-year OS: 81.0% vs. 79.2%, P=0.960) with fewer cycles of immunotherapy (median 4 vs. 10 cycles, P<0.001). The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was similar (P>0.05). Exploratory analysis found that patients with < 4 cycles of induction immunotherapy had similar PFS (median NR vs. 30.1 months, 2-year PFS 50.8% vs. 54.4%, P=0.932) but prolonged OS (median NR vs. 46.0 months, 2-year OS 89.0% vs. 75.5%, P=0.112) compared to those with ≥ 4 cycles of induction immunotherapy. Conclusion: Upfront chemoimmunotherapy before CRT appears to be feasible and safe, and may achieve non-inferior outcomes to consolidation immunotherapy with fewer cycles of immunotherapy.
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