Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40574202›Full record

ArticlePolymers2025

Numerical Modeling of Micro-Mechanical Residual Stresses in Carbon-Epoxy Composites During the Curing Process.

Raffaele Verde, Alberto D'Amore, Luigi Grassia

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Raffaele VerdeDepartment of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy.
Alberto D'AmoreDepartment of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3573-1044
Luigi GrassiaDepartment of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6796-9209

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This article analyzes the residual stresses generated during the curing process of thermoset composites. Specifically, a numerical procedure is developed and implemented in Ansys 18.0 to evaluate, at the micromechanical level, the residual stresses in a carbon epoxy composite that undergoes the process of curing. The viscoelastic behavior of the epoxy material is modeled using a formulation recently published by the same authors. It accounts for the concurrent effect of curing and structural relaxation on epoxy's relaxation times, assuming thermo-rheological and thermo-chemical simplicities. The model validated for the neat epoxy matrix is now tested against the composite application. Various representative volume element (RVE) arrangements and fiber fractions are examined. The proposed procedure can predict the evolution of mechanical properties (apparent stiffness and creep compliance) and the residual stresses that develop in each composite constituent during the cure. It demonstrates that the residual stresses in the matrix are a consistent fraction of an epoxy's nominal strength and significantly influence the transverse mechanical properties of the composite.

Indexed as

curingnumerical simulationpolymer-based compositesresidual stressesviscoelasticity

Identifiers

PMID40574202
PMCPMC12196934

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.