Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40573967›Full record

ReviewVaccines2025

Evolving SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: From Current Solutions to Broad-Spectrum Protection.

Rui Qiao, Jiayan Li, Jiami Gong, Yuchen Shao, Jizhen Yu, Yumeng Chen, Yinying Lu, Luxuan Yang, Luanfeng Lin, Zixin Hu and 3 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Nanocarrier-based immunotherapy for viral diseases.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Rui QiaoShanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection & Immunity, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Institute of Infection and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0210-2863
Jiayan LiShanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetics and Development of Complex Phenotypes, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Oncology Target Discovery and Antibody Drug Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Jiami GongShanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetics and Development of Complex Phenotypes, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Oncology Target Discovery and Antibody Drug Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Yuchen ShaoShanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetics and Development of Complex Phenotypes, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Oncology Target Discovery and Antibody Drug Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Jizhen YuShanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetics and Development of Complex Phenotypes, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Oncology Target Discovery and Antibody Drug Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Yumeng ChenShanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetics and Development of Complex Phenotypes, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Oncology Target Discovery and Antibody Drug Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Yinying LuShanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection & Immunity, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Institute of Infection and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Luxuan YangShanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection & Immunity, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Institute of Infection and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Luanfeng LinDepartment of Infectious Disease, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
Zixin HuArtificial Intelligence Innovation and Incubation Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Pengfei WangShanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Genetics and Development of Complex Phenotypes, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Oncology Target Discovery and Antibody Drug Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2454-7652
Xiaoyu ZhaoShanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection & Immunity, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Institute of Infection and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0347-9104
Wenhong ZhangShanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection & Immunity, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Institute of Infection and Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.

Funding

Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China 92169212National Key Research and Development Program of China 2023YFC2605400, 2023YFC3404000National Natural Science Foundation of China 32300121, 32270142Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Fudan University SKLGE-2304Shanghai Pujiang Programme 23PJD007Shanghai Rising-Star Program 22QA1408800Shanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection & Immunity SSIII-202416the Program of Science and Technology Cooperation with Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan 23410760500
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The continuous evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the emergence of variants of concern (VOCs) underscore the critical role of vaccination in pandemic control. These mutations not only enhance viral infectivity but also facilitate immune evasion and diminish vaccine efficacy, necessitating ongoing surveillance and vaccine adaptation. Current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, including inactivated, live-attenuated, viral vector, protein subunit, virus-like particle, and nucleic acid vaccines, face challenges due to the immune evasion strategies of emerging variants. Moreover, other sarbecoviruses, such as SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoVs) pose a potential risk for future outbreaks. Thus, developing vaccines capable of countering emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants and providing broad protection against multiple sarbecoviruses is imperative. Several innovative vaccine platforms are being investigated to elicit broad-spectrum neutralizing antibody responses, offering protection against both current SARS-CoV-2 variants and other sarbecoviruses. This review presents an updated overview of the key target antigens and therapeutic strategies employed in current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Additionally, we summarize ongoing approaches for the development of vaccines targeting infectious sarbecoviruses.

Indexed as

broadly neutralizing antibodiescoronavirusimmune evasionsarbecovirusvaccines

Identifiers

PMID40573967
PMCPMC12197680

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.