Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40573448›Full record

SynthesisViruses2025

Transmission Pathways of Zoonotic Influenza Viruses and Influencing Factors: A Systematic Review of Recent Findings.

Rebecca Badra, Wenqing Zhang, John S L Tam, Richard Webby, Sylvie van der Werf, Sergejs Nikisins, Ann Cullinane, Saad Gharaibeh, Richard Njouom, Malik Peiris and 2 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Rebecca BadraHuman Link DMCC, Dubai 0000, United Arab Emirates.ORCID 0000-0002-3482-6965
Wenqing ZhangGlobal Influenza Programme, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
John S L TamDepartment of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
Richard WebbyDepartment of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4397-7132
Sylvie van der WerfMolecular Genetics of RNA Viruses Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France.
Sergejs NikisinsGlobal Influenza Programme, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Ann CullinaneVirology Unit, The Irish Equine Centre, Johnstown, Naas, Co., W91 RH93 Kildare, Ireland.
Saad GharaibehDepartment of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
Richard NjouomVirology Unit, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaoundé P.O. Box 1274, Cameroon.
Malik PeirisSchool of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
Ghazi KayaliHuman Link DMCC, Dubai 0000, United Arab Emirates.
Jean-Michel HeraudGlobal Influenza Programme, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-1107-0859

Funding

World Health Organization 001World Health Organization APW PO#203606695
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent outbreaks of zoonotic influenza viruses underscored the need for a deeper understanding of transmission pathways and factors influencing spillover events. Understanding the combined effects of environmental conditions, host interactions, and viral adaptations is essential for effective preparedness and response. The WHO public health research agenda for influenza, revised in 2017, recommended research to further define the host-to-host transmission pathways of influenza type A viruses. Since 2017, important research has been conducted, and the global health landscape has changed. Therefore, there is a need to review the transmission pathway studies conducted during the last eight years. We conducted a systematic analysis following the PRISMA guidelines on 7490 PubMed records from 2017 to 2024, of which 219 records were retained. This review evaluates research on zoonotic influenza virus transmission among wild and domestic animals and cross-species transmission to humans. By examining pathways, host, environmental, and viral factors, this review identified key findings and research gaps. Research remains limited in critical areas including transmission pathways among diverse animals, role of environmental factors, and zoonotic potential across regions. Addressing these gaps is essential for improving public health strategies. This review highlights the necessity of integrating a One Health approach in addressing zoonotic influenza risks.

Indexed as

Influenza A virusInfluenza, HumanOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsViral ZoonosesZoonosesAnimalsAnimals, DomesticAnimals, WildHumansanimal–human interfacecross-species transmissiontransmission factorstransmission pathwayszoonotic influenza virus

Identifiers

PMID40573448
PMCPMC12197345

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.