Observational studyViruses2025
High Prevalence and Risk Factors for Infection with Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses 1 and 2 in the Municipality of Ananindeua, Pará, Northern Brazil.
Observational study in Viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prevalence of Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses 1 and 2 in Individuals Infected with Hepatitis C Virus in Belém do Pará, Brazil.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and Clinical Outcomes of HTLV-1: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Endemic and Nonendemic Regions.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study evaluated HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections in Ananindeua, northern Brazil. Individuals were screened for anti-HTLV-1/2 using ELISA (Murex HTLV-I + II, DiaSorin). Reactive or indeterminate samples underwent confirmation via Western blot (HTLV Blot 2.4 kit, MP Diagnostics) and/or RT-qPCR. A questionnaire examined behavioral and risk factors for HTLV-1/2 infection. HTLV-positive individuals received counseling, nurse follow-up, and specialized medical care. Among the 228 individuals investigated, 6 (2.7%) were infected with HTLV-1: 4 men (66.67%) and 2 women (33.33%), aged 51-73 years. The only significant risk factor observed was blood transfusion. Additionally, 80 other individuals residing in the municipality of Ananindeua independently visited the laboratory for an HTLV-1/2 diagnosis. Among them, 23 were diagnosed with HTLV-1 infection, and 1 with HTLV-2. Among the 30 positive individuals, 80% were asymptomatic, while 20% exhibited clinical manifestations associated with HTLV infection, including HAM and Sézary syndrome. These results indicate a notable prevalence of HTLV-1 infection in the municipality of Ananindeua emphasizing the significance of diagnosing the infection to assess its prevalence across the country accurately.
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Registered trials
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