Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40573176›Full record

ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Scientific Justification and Policy Recommendations to the US Food and Drug Administration for Waiving Comparative Efficacy Studies.

Sarfaraz K Niazi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Sarfaraz K NiaziCollege of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0513-0336

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This detailed review looks at how the rules for proving biosimilarity are changing, mainly focusing on the requirements for comparative efficacy studies (CESs). As analytical technologies progress, mounting evidence suggests that when we establish robust analytical similarity and pharmacokinetic equivalence, CESs become less valuable. This review combines findings from over 600 studies on biosimilars found in PubMed (showing that no biosimilar with proven analytical similarity has ever failed a CES), looks at the differences in global regulations on this topic, and explains how the Food and Drug Administration's pharmacokinetic testing rules for biosimilars are similar to the bioequivalence testing for generics. Finally, specific changes to the Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act (BPCIA) are suggested to make US rules match the growing global scientific agreement, which could lower development costs and speed up patient access to biosimilars while still keeping safety and effectiveness intact.

Indexed as

biosimilarsBPCIACESclinical efficacy studyEMAFDAMHRA

Identifiers

PMID40573176
PMCPMC12196284

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.