Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40572346›Full record

ArticleMicromachines2025

Modified Hammerstein-Like Hysteresis Modeling and Composite Control Methods for Fast Steering Mirrors.

Kairui Cao, Zekun Li, Guanglu Hao, Rui Li, Jie Zhang, Jing Ma

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Micromachines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kairui CaoNational Key Laboratory of Tunable Laser Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
Zekun LiNational Key Laboratory of Tunable Laser Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
Guanglu HaoNational Key Laboratory of Tunable Laser Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
Rui LiCollege of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.ORCID 0009-0001-8123-0961
Jie ZhangNational Key Laboratory of Tunable Laser Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
Jing MaNational Key Laboratory of Tunable Laser Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program 2022YFC2204203
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fast steering mirrors (FSMs), actuated by piezoelectric ceramics, play pivotal roles in satellite laser communication, distinguished by their high bandwidth and fast responsiveness, thereby facilitating the precise pointing and robust tracking of laser beams. However, the dynamic performance of FSMs is notably impaired by the hysteresis nonlinearity inherent in piezoelectric ceramics. Under dynamic conditions, rate-dependent hysteresis models and Hammerstein models are predominantly employed to characterize hysteresis nonlinearity. By combining the advantages of these two models, a hysteresis model termed modified Hammerstein-like (MHL) model is proposed. This model integrates an input time delay, a rate-dependent hysteresis term, and a linear dynamic term in a cascaded structure, effectively capturing the dynamic characteristics of hysteresis systems across a broad frequency range. Additionally, a composite control strategy is tailored for the MHL model which consists of a feedforward compensator based on a rate-dependent hysteresis inverse model and a proportional-integral (PI) controller for closed-loop regulation. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed modeling and composite control methods.

Indexed as

composite controlfast steering mirrorsHammerstein modelhysteresis nonlinearityrate-dependent model

Identifiers

PMID40572346
PMCPMC12194891

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.