Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40572341›Full record

ArticleMicromachines2025

Simulation Study of Ink Droplet Spraying Based on Sand 3D Printing.

Hailong Song, Ran Yan, Lei Xia, Qing Zhao, Qing Qiu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Micromachines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hailong SongCollege of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
Ran YanCollege of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1828-7949
Lei XiaCollege of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
Qing ZhaoCollege of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
Qing QiuCollege of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.

Funding

Chongqing Science and Technology Commission cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0248
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To address the challenge of imprecise micro-droplet formation control in piezoelectric jetting devices used in sand mold 3D printing and apply on-demand inkjet printing technology to sand mold manufacturing, this study first explains the working principle of a piezoelectric shear-mode printhead. A mathematical model of the droplet ejection process is then established based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Building upon this model, numerical simulations of droplet generation, breakup, and flight are conducted by using the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model within the Fluent module of the Workbench 2020 R2 platform. Finally, under consistent driving conditions, the effects of key parameters-viscosity, surface tension, and inlet velocity-on the ejection process are investigated through simulation. Based on the results, appropriate ranges and recommended values for ink properties are determined. This study provides significant engineering value for improving the stability and precision of droplet formation in industrial sand mold 3D printing.

Indexed as

droplet formationnumerical simulationsand mold 3D printingvolume of fluid model

Identifiers

PMID40572341
PMCPMC12195160

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.