Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40571312›Full record

ArticleCancer genomics & proteomics2025

CD84 as a Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Breast Cancer: Interconnections With PDL1, CD74, and Immune Tolerance Mechanisms.

Umar Wazir, Amber X Li, Carolyn Cai Wang, Henson Han Gao, Tracey A Martin, Wen G Jiang, Kefah Mokbel

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer genomics & proteomics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Umar WazirThe London Breast Institute, Princess Grace Hospital, London, U.K.
Amber X LiMetastasis Research Group, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, U.K.
Carolyn Cai WangMetastasis Research Group, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, U.K.
Henson Han GaoMetastasis Research Group, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, U.K.
Tracey A MartinMetastasis Research Group, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, U.K.
Wen G JiangMetastasis Research Group, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, U.K.
Kefah MokbelThe London Breast Institute, Princess Grace Hospital, London, U.K.; Kefah.Mokbel@hcahealthcare.co.uk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

aimCluster of differentiation 84 (CD84), a member of the signalling lymphocytic activating molecule (SLAM) family, has emerged as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in breast cancer. This study explored CD84 expression and its correlation with clinicopathological features in a well-characterised cohort. MATERIALS AND

methodsUsing quantitative real-time PCR, mRNA expression levels of CD84 and related molecules, including PDL1, CD74, and other immune tolerance markers, were analysed.

resultsThe findings reveal that elevated CD84 expression predicts poor overall survival, independent of conventional prognostic factors such as the Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI). Notably, a combined signature of CD84, CD48, VAV1, and CTNNB1 demonstrated stronger prognostic power than individual markers. CD84 exhibited significant correlations with immunosuppressive molecules, including PDL1 and CD74, underscoring its role in fostering immune tolerance within the tumour microenvironment.

conclusionCD84 may mediate an immunosuppressive phenotype, facilitating immune evasion in breast cancer. This highlights its potential as a therapeutic target, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer, to overcome immune resistance and enhance treatment efficacy.

Indexed as

Antigens, Differentiation, B-LymphocyteB7-H1 AntigenBiomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsHistocompatibility Antigens Class IIImmune ToleranceSignaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule FamilyAdultAgedFemaleHumansMiddle AgedPrognosisTumor MicroenvironmentAntigens, Differentiation, B-LymphocyteB7-H1 AntigenBiomarkers, TumorCD274 protein, humanHistocompatibility Antigens Class IIinvariant chainSignaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Familybreast cancerCD48CD74CD84checkpoint inhibitorsCTNNB1immune toleranceimmunotherapyPD-L1TNBCVAV1

Identifiers

PMID40571312
PMCPMC12216572

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.