Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40569334›Full record

ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2026

Examining the Social and Mental Health Benefits of Ethnic Studies and DEI among BIPOCs and Whites.

Gabriel M Garcia, E J R David

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Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Gabriel M GarciaDivision of Population Health Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Professional Studies Building Ste. 206, Anchorage, AK, 99508, USA. ggarci16@alaska.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1301-6592
E J R DavidDepartment of Psychology, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK, USA.

Funding

Tracking and EvaluationU54GM104944 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA LAS VEGAS · PI MARCHAND, GWEN · 2013 to 2023
$39.6M
NIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM104944
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A promising approach to buffer the negative mental health effects of racism among BIPOCs and build allies among Whites is ethnic studies (ES). The purpose of this study was to assess (1) whether exposure to ES moderates the relationship between ethnic identity (EI) and mental health among BIPOCs; (2) whether EI buffers the negative mental health effects of internalized racism; and (3) whether exposure to ES or Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) training among Whites has a negative correlation with White supremacist attitudes and negative attitudes toward racial diversity and equity. The study involved a cross-sectional online survey of individuals 18 years old and above in the USA conducted between January and December 2023. A total of 2423 participants participated in the study, with an average age of 31.2 years. Regression analyses showed that controlling for demographic factors, exposure to ES moderates the positive correlation between EI and mental health among BIPOCs who have experienced racism and that EI mitigates the negative mental health effects of racism. As for Whites, exposure to ES but not DEI was negatively correlated with White supremacist attitudes and negative attitudes toward racial diversity and equity. Findings suggest that exposure to ES can indirectly help buffer the negative mental health effects of internalized racism through its interaction with ethnic identity. Additionally, exposure to ES can help build allies among Whites, given its association with decreased White supremacist attitudes and greater appreciation of racial diversity and equity.

Indexed as

EthnicityMental HealthRacismSocial IdentificationWhite PeopleAdolescentAdultCross-Sectional StudiesDiversity, Equity, InclusionFemaleHumansMaleUnited StatesWhiteYoung AdultBIPOCDEIEthnic identityEthnic studiesMental health

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.