ArticleEuropean journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe2026
Amsterdam Self-Efficacy Scale for Tooth Removal (ASES-TR).
Article in European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Amsterdam Self-Efficacy Scale for Tooth Removal (ASES-TR).European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo develop and validate a questionnaire on dental students' self-efficacy with tooth removal, suitable for measuring the effectiveness of training methods.
methodsTo prepare and validate this questionnaire, we used the Association of Medical Education in Europe (AMEE) stepwise guide for developing questionnaires for educational research. In the validation process, our study group conducted two pilot studies, the first for an exploratory factor analysis and the second for a confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, the questionnaire was tested for convergence with the neuroticism subscale of the NEO-Personality Inventory.
resultsAfter an exploratory factor analysis, which used a total of 137 responses on 33 items, 15 items were left for confirmatory factor analysis. A total of 118 responses were available for the confirmatory factor analysis. Model fitness was tested using tests for exact fitness and fit indices such as the goodness of fit index (GFI), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) and standardised root mean squared residual (SRMR). An acceptable fit was found for 11 items divided over three factors: 'self-perceived skill', 'tension' and 'dedication'. These 11 items did not converge with the neuroticism scale.
conclusionThis study showed the development steps and initial validation of a psychometric instrument, the Amsterdam Self-Efficacy Scale for Tooth Removal (ASES-TR), consisting of 11 items for testing dental students' self-efficacy in performing tooth removal procedures.
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