Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40568115›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2025

END nucleases: Antiphage defense systems targeting multiple hypermodified phage genomes.

Wearn-Xin Yee, Yan-Jiun Lee, Timothy A Klein, Alex Wirganowicz, Andres E Gabagat, Bálint Csörgő, Kira S Makarova, Eugene V Koonin, Peter R Weigele, Joseph Bondy-Denomy

Abstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Wearn-Xin YeeDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5998-5321
Yan-Jiun LeeResearch Department, New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA 01938, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7534-2302
Timothy A KleinDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9167-5975
Alex WirganowiczDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Andres E GabagatDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Bálint CsörgőSynthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.ORCID 0000-0003-0397-6845
Kira S MakarovaComputational Biology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8174-2844
Eugene V KooninComputational Biology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3943-8299
Peter R WeigeleResearch Department, New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA 01938, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3696-4541
Joseph Bondy-DenomyDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4909-9481

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Prokaryotes carry clusters of phage defense systems in "defense islands" that have been extensively exploited bioinformatically and experimentally for discovery of immune functions. However, little effort has been dedicated to determining which specific system(s) within defense islands limit lytic phage reproduction in clinical bacterial strains. Here, we employed the CRISPR-based Cascade-Cas3 system to delete defense islands in a

Identifiers

PMID40568115
PMCPMC12191111

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.