ArticleFrontiers in public health2025
Volatile outcomes of essential public health functions: a cross-sectional study of surveillance and equitable access on Brazil's Unified Health System (SUS).
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prosthetic rehabilitation of facial defects in the Brazilian Unified Health System: Overview of procedures related to oral and maxillofacial prostheses in Brazil (2014-2024).Journal of prosthodontics : official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists · 2026Article
- Building a health system resilience framework: national, state, regional, and local perspectives.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: This study investigates the volatility in the outcomes of Essential Public Health Functions (EPHFs) and elaborates on its potential impacts on the operation of Brazil's Unified Health System (SUS). The research addresses the need to understand how performance variability in EPHFs affects health system stability, particularly during external shocks such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and its potential effects on the system's resilience. Methods: Using cross-sectional data (2000-2023) from the Department of Informatics of the SUS (DATASUS), the study analyzes key indicators linked to two EPHFs: (1) Surveillance, control, and risk management (infant mortality) and (2) Equitable access to comprehensive and quality services (cytopathological tests and mammography screenings). Volatility was defined as deviations from central trends exceeding one standard deviation relative to prior years. These metrics were assessed to evaluate health system performance and resilience. Results: Significant volatility was observed across indicators, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, which disrupted service levels and exposed systemic vulnerabilities. Infant mortality declined by 60% since 2000 but exhibited persistent fluctuations. Cytopathological tests and mammography screenings saw sharp declines during the pandemic, reflecting systemic challenges in sustaining equitable access to care. Conclusion: The study proposes a conceptual framework to analyze EPHF performance through a resilience lens, emphasizing the need to manage variability for stable, high-quality service delivery in the SUS. Recommendations include strengthening health data systems, integrating contextual factors into resilience planning, and enhancing institutional capacity. This work advances efforts to operationalize resilience assessments in universal health systems, offering actionable insights for policymakers and practitioners.
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