ArticleTransboundary and emerging diseases2025
Genomic Differences Between Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) Reassortants Isolated From Wild and Farmed Fish: Implications for Viral Fitness, Temperature Adaptation and Virulence.
Article in Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV), one of the most widespread fish pathogens, is classified into four genotypes: Barfin flounder-, Redspotted grouper-, Striped Jack- and Tiger puffer NNV (BFNNV, RGNNV, SJNNV and TPNNV, respectively), which show different thermotolerance and geographical distribution. Reassortant RGNNV/SJNNV strains are detected in Southern Europe, associated to disease outbreaks in Senegalese sole and gilthead seabream larvae or early juveniles, with water temperatures around 22-23°C. These strains contain amino acid changes in the capsid and polymerase protein when compared with the reference strains of each genotype. We have assessed the effect of temperature on the replicative fitness of four reassortants obtained from wild pilchard and mackerel and their pathogenic potential against sole and turbot. In vitro replication assays showed an improved replication of the mackerel isolate at 15°C while it was delayed at 20 and 25°C. Substitutions in the viral polymerase, particularly Arg237, and differences in the non-coding regions (NCR) might account for this adaptation to replicate at a suboptimal temperature for reassortants. In addition, in the in vivo assays at different temperatures, the mackerel isolate caused the lowest mortality and showed limited replication in sole brain tissue. However, in the experimental infection in turbot at 15°C, it displayed an exponential replication, although it did not cause mortality. The analysis of the capsid protein (Cp) of this isolate points to position 237 as a putative host specificity determinant that might favour the interaction with turbot cell receptors. In conclusion, substitutions observed in the mackerel strain suggest an adaptation to replicate at low temperature, which would enable it to spread to the cold waters of the North Atlantic Ocean. In addition, it also highlights the potential risks associated with the introduction of NNV strains from the wild into fish farms or new areas.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.