ReviewRNA biology2025
Biology and utilization of R2 retrotransposons.
Review in RNA biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Discovery and engineering of avian R2 retrotransposons for all-RNA-mediated targeted DNA integration in human cells.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Efficient site-specific gene addition using R2 retrotransposons in tobacco and rice.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- R2Tg retrotransposon mediated targeted integration of exogenous genes into the 28S rDNA locus in mammalian cell lines for PKU gene therapy.Frontiers in genome editing · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
R2 elements serve as a class of non-long terminal repeat (non-LTR) retrotransposons found in animal genomes that specifically insert into the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences of host genomes. Each R2 element contains a single open reading frame (ORF) encoding a multifunctional protein with nucleic acid-binding, reverse transcriptase, and endonuclease activities, enabling specific genomic integration via a mechanism called target-primed reverse transcription (TPRT). As a classical model for studying retrotransposition mechanisms, R2 elements possess unique biological properties and precise integration capabilities, which have inspired novel genome engineering strategies. In this review, we summarize the components and integration mechanisms of R2 retrotransposons and highlight the recent advances in employing these mobile elements for targeted gene integration. Finally, we present future directions for the utilization of R2 retrotransposons as novel biotechnological tools.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.