ArticleNeurourology and urodynamics2025
Under-Investigated and Underestimated: Disparities in Toilet and Sanitation Insecurity in a Sample of United States Adults.
Article in Neurourology and urodynamics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionMost estimates of toilet and sanitation access in the United States rely on limited data from the US Census that examine the presence or absence of plumbing. This study aims to understand the prevalence of toilet and sanitation insecurity using a broader definition that considers issues of accessibility and reliability.
methodsWe recruited from an electronic research database between September 2021 and January 2022 and identified participants at risk for toilet and sanitation insecurity.
resultsAbout 4218 participants completed the study and 725 (17%) were identified as at-risk for home toilet and sanitation insecurity. The at-risk population was more likely to be younger, be of nonwhite race and ethnicity, live in rural or urban communities, have lower socioeconomic status, have less education, be unemployed, use a septic sewage system, and be non-homeowners.
conclusionsA significant percentage of people with toilets and plumbing experience home toilet and sanitation insecurity, demonstrating the inadequacy of measures that rely on the presence or absence of plumbing. Methods to estimate toilet and sanitation insecurity should account for accessibility and reliability. Understanding more about those affected by home toilet and sanitation insecurity using this broader definition may also have implications for managing bladder health and urinary symptoms. CLINICAL
trial registrationThis study was not a clinical trial and did not require clinical trial registration.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.