ArticleLife (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Comparing the Effects of Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia on Daily Mood and Physiological Sleep Parameters in Athletes with Poor Pre-Competition Sleep Quality.
Article in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study aimed to compare 4 weeks of cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) versus cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) in athletes with poor sleep quality pre-competition as measured by changes in daily mood state and physiologic parameters of sleep. Athletes with poor sleep quality in their pre-competition phase were recruited. Four weeks of CES and CBT-I were used to compare the effects on daily mood state and physiologic parameters of sleep. The participants were divided into a CES and a CBT-I group. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Profile of Mood States (POMS), nighttime heart rate variability (HRV), and sleep architecture of cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) analyses were assessed before and after the interventions. Twenty-four participants (time to competition = 46.71 ± 11.21 days) completed the study. Decreases in PSQI and ESS scores were observed in both groups. A decrease in confusion and tension scores and improvement of sleep efficiency were noted after CBT-I (
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