Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40566026›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2025

Depression and Coronary Artery Disease-Where We Stand?

Anastasios Apostolos, Konstantinos Konstantinou, Nikolaos Ktenopoulos, Panayotis K Vlachakis, Ioannis Skalidis, Grigorios Chrysostomidis, Vasileios Panoulas, Konstantinos Tsioufis

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Anastasios ApostolosFirst Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippocration General Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0003-2616-7952
Konstantinos KonstantinouFirst Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippocration General Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Nikolaos KtenopoulosFirst Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippocration General Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-0995-7015
Panayotis K VlachakisFirst Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippocration General Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0003-0736-4942
Ioannis SkalidisInstitut Cardiovasculaire Paris Sud (ICPS), 91300 Massy, France.ORCID 0000-0002-4374-0389
Grigorios ChrysostomidisSecond Department of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, 17674 Athens, Greece.
Vasileios PanoulasDepartment of Cardiology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, London UB9 6JH, UK.
Konstantinos TsioufisFirst Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippocration General Hospital of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-7636-6725

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coronary artery disease (CAD) and mental health disorders, particularly depression and anxiety, exhibit a complex, bidirectional relationship that adversely influences clinical outcomes and mortality. Mental illnesses account for approximately 8 million deaths annually, while cardiovascular diseases, including CAD, contribute to about 17 million deaths, with CAD alone responsible for one-third of deaths among individuals aged ≥35 years. This review offers a structured synthesis of current knowledge focusing on the (1) epidemiology, emphasizing the reciprocal risk between CAD and psychiatric conditions; (2) pathophysiological insights, including inflammation, neurohormonal dysregulation, platelet hyperactivation, and shared genetic determinants; and (3) therapeutic approaches, encompassing pharmacological management, psychotherapeutic interventions, and integrated care models. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) remain the pharmacologic agents of choice in patients with CAD and depression due to their favorable cardiac profile, while cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) offers psychological benefit. However, evidence for mortality reduction remains limited. Emerging research highlights the importance of biomarker-driven care, gut-brain-heart axis modulation, and AI-enabled clinical integration.

Indexed as

coronary heart diseasedepressionreviewstress

Identifiers

PMID40566026
PMCPMC12193863

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.