Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40564556›Full record

ReviewBehavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Within My Walls, I Escape Being Underestimated: A Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis of Stigma and Help-Seeking in Dementia.

Marco Brigiano, Lara Calabrese, Ilaria Chirico, Sara Trolese, Martina Quartarone, Ludovica Forte, Alice Annini, Martino Belvederi Murri, Rabih Chattat

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Primary care determinants for timely diagnosis of dementia.Family medicine and community health · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. The word Dementia should be retired.Communications medicine · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Marco BrigianoDepartment of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4260-9394
Lara CalabreseDepartment of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2779-4309
Ilaria ChiricoDepartment of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9799-0204
Sara TroleseDepartment of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0009-0001-5299-5519
Martina QuartaroneDepartment of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0009-0005-3087-917X
Ludovica ForteDepartment of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0009-0002-8120-0612
Alice AnniniDepartment of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Martino Belvederi MurriDepartment of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-7262-3528
Rabih ChattatDepartment of Psychology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3889-2839

Funding

European Union - NextGenerationEU NRRP - M4C2 - I1.1 - 2022NH8W3C_002
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dementia-related stigma significantly influences help-seeking and affects the quality of care and support received by people with the condition. This review examines the impact of stigma on help-seeking among people with dementia and identifies key factors influencing this relationship. A systematic search across Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Scopus identified seventeen qualitative studies that met the inclusion criteria. These criteria encompassed studies focusing on individuals aged 60 and older addressing public- or self-stigma and exploring help-seeking behaviors and related influencing factors. A thematic synthesis was employed to analyze the findings. The following five major themes emerged: reluctance to disclose the condition, internalization or rejection of stigmatizing beliefs, influence of family and community, attitudes of healthcare professionals, and lack of awareness in the broader society. Factors such as psychological decline, loss of autonomy, limited service access, peer support, and need for policy-level intervention were identified as central in shaping stigma. Findings related to the factors that influence this relationship indicate that stigma delays diagnosis and treatment, restricting access to adequate care. Both individual (e.g., autonomy, psychological well-being) and contextual (e.g., social networks, public policies) factors are crucial in moderating this dynamic. Targeted interventions addressing these dimensions are urgently needed to reduce stigma and facilitate timely help-seeking in dementia.

Indexed as

blamedementiadiscriminationhelp-seekingpublic stigmaself-stigmashamestereotype

Identifiers

PMID40564556
PMCPMC12189192

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.