Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40564472›Full record

ArticleBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Anatomical Characteristics Predict Response to Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS): Development of a Computational Pipeline for Optimizing tDCS Protocols.

Giulia Caiani, Emma Chiaramello, Marta Parazzini, Eleonora Arrigoni, Leonor J Romero Lauro, Alberto Pisoni, Serena Fiocchi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Giulia CaianiDipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0009-0002-0916-3159
Emma ChiaramelloInstitute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), National Research Council (CNR), 20133 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2503-4779
Marta ParazziniInstitute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), National Research Council (CNR), 20133 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9008-7530
Eleonora ArrigoniDepartment of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.
Leonor J Romero LauroDepartment of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6478-2502
Alberto PisoniDepartment of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8231-9255
Serena FiocchiInstitute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), National Research Council (CNR), 20133 Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6568-8841

Funding

Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR) 2022CRYMAT
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique promisingly used to treat neurological and psychological disorders. Nevertheless, the inter-subject heterogeneity in its after-effects frequently limits its efficacy. This can be attributed to fixed-dose methods, which do not consider inter-subject anatomical variations. This work attempts to overcome this constraint by examining the effects of age and anatomical features, including the volume of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the thickness of the skull, and the composition of brain tissue, on electric field distribution and cortical excitability. A computational approach was used to map the electric field distribution over the brain tissues of realistic head models reconstructed from MRI images of twenty-three subjects, including adults and children of both genders. Significant negative correlations (

Indexed as

anodal tDCSclinical outcomecomputational modellingcortical excitabilityneuromodulationpersonalized medicine

Identifiers

PMID40564472
PMCPMC12189637

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.