Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40564329›Full record

ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2025

Co-Exposure with the Herbicide 2,4-D Does Not Exacerbate

Eduardo Fernández Meléndez, Léa Fieschi-Méric, Elin Verbrugghe, Ellen Blomme, Michael Fahrbach, Manuel E Ortiz-Santaliestra, Frank Pasmans, An Martel

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Eduardo Fernández MeléndezWildlife Health Ghent, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.ORCID 0009-0004-4384-4606
Léa Fieschi-MéricWildlife Health Ghent, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Elin VerbruggheWildlife Health Ghent, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-1388-4266
Ellen BlommeWildlife Health Ghent, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Michael FahrbachNiedernhaller Str. 8/2, 74653 Criesbach, Germany.
Manuel E Ortiz-SantaliestraInstituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC), CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-7102-0496
Frank PasmansWildlife Health Ghent, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
An MartelWildlife Health Ghent, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-7609-5649

Funding

European Food Safety Authority OC/EFSA/SCER/2021/12
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Amphibians face a multitude of threats and therefore make a prime example of the current biodiversity crisis. Multiple amphibian stressors in anthropogenic landscapes include infectious diseases and agrochemicals. Synergic effects between these stressors may increase the negative impact of infections on amphibian health. In a 56-day trial, we assessed the impact of co-exposure to the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and the pathogenic fungus

Indexed as

agrochemicalsamphibian conservationchytridiomycosisemerging infectious diseasesnewtspollution

Identifiers

PMID40564329
PMCPMC12189190

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.