Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40563989›Full record

ReviewBiomedicines2025

Malaria Vaccines and Global Equity: A Scoping Review of Current Progress and Future Directions.

Rajesh Perumbilavil Kaithamanakallam, Tirath Patel, Bharati Balachandran, Neville Fernandez, Joseph Jillwin, Dharambir Kashyap, Aparna Shivaprasad, Uttam Udayan, Pragnesh Kalyandrug, Aakanksha Aakanksha and 1 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biomedicines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Rajesh Perumbilavil KaithamanakallamDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, American University of Antigua College of Medicine, St. Johns 1451, Antigua and Barbuda.ORCID 0000-0003-0408-8372
Tirath PatelBasic Medical Science, American University of Antigua College of Medicine, St. Johns 1451, Antigua and Barbuda.
Bharati BalachandranDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, American University of Antigua College of Medicine, St. Johns 1451, Antigua and Barbuda.
Neville FernandezDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, American University of Antigua College of Medicine, St. Johns 1451, Antigua and Barbuda.
Joseph JillwinDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, American University of Antigua College of Medicine, St. Johns 1451, Antigua and Barbuda.
Dharambir KashyapBrown Center for Immunotherapy, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9160-9377
Aparna ShivaprasadDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, American University of Antigua College of Medicine, St. Johns 1451, Antigua and Barbuda.
Uttam UdayanDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, American University of Antigua College of Medicine, St. Johns 1451, Antigua and Barbuda.
Pragnesh KalyandrugBasic Medical Science, American University of Antigua College of Medicine, St. Johns 1451, Antigua and Barbuda.
Aakanksha AakankshaInternal Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, 33 Vazha Pshavela Avenue, Tbilisi 0159, Georgia.ORCID 0009-0005-8568-8928
Prasanna HonnavarDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, American University of Antigua College of Medicine, St. Johns 1451, Antigua and Barbuda.ORCID 0000-0003-3872-4242

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The journey toward a viable malaria vaccine, initiated in 1965, reached a major milestone in 2021 with the WHO's endorsement of RTS,S/AS01, a recombinant protein-based malaria vaccine. This progress continued with the 2023 approval of the R21/Matrix-M vaccine, which is more cost-effective, more potent due it is higher protein content, and easier to manufacture. Though these achievements signal hope, malaria's intricate life cycle and its prevalence in underprivileged regions make vaccine development and equitable distribution challenging. This review explains the lifecycle of malaria and explores the evolution of various treatment strategies aimed at reducing malaria-related mortality. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of malaria vaccines, examining their development, efficacy, safety, and implementation challenges. Using a structured literature search across PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, we identified key themes related to malaria vaccines trials, policy implications, and future research needs. Peer-reviewed publications on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from 1970 to 2024 were searched without any limitations. Search and Boolean search terms were modified to include terms like "malaria vaccines", "malaria vaccination", "malaria immunisation", "malaria immunisation AND malaria-endemic countries", "malaria endemic low-income countries AND malaria control", "malaria public health control", "malaria chemoprophylaxis AND early diagnosis of malaria", "screening for malaria", and "laboratory diagnosis of malaria in endemic countries" in order to find pertinent studies. Preliminary insights suggest that although vaccines are crucial, comprehensive strategies involving health education, hygiene, and timely medical intervention remain essential to malaria control.

Indexed as

global health equitymalaria endemicitymalaria prophylaxismalaria vaccinesvaccine efficacy and implementation

Identifiers

PMID40563989
PMCPMC12189726

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.