Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40563608›Full record

ArticleCancers2025

Impact of Neoadjuvant Treatment on Target Expression in Rectal Cancer for Near-Infrared Tumor Imaging.

Elham Zonoobi, Lisanne K A Neijenhuis, Annelieke A Lemij, Daan G J Linders, Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad, Shadhvi S Bhairosingh, N Geeske Dekker-Ensink, Ronald L P van Vlierberghe, Koen C M J Peeters, Fabian A Holman and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Elham ZonoobiDepartment of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
Lisanne K A NeijenhuisDepartment of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-2972-9172
Annelieke A LemijDepartment of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-6508-2073
Daan G J LindersDepartment of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-4524-4175
Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-MojaradDepartment of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-8914-004X
Shadhvi S BhairosinghDepartment of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
N Geeske Dekker-EnsinkDepartment of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
Ronald L P van VlierbergheDepartment of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-0897-8049
Koen C M J PeetersDepartment of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-9332-1334
Fabian A HolmanDepartment of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
Rob A E M TollenaarDepartment of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
Denise E HillingDepartment of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
A Stijn L P CrobachDepartment of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
Alexander L VahrmeijerDepartment of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
Peter J K KuppenDepartment of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-0294-3251

Funding

Dutch Cancer Society 32756Marie Curie 857894-CAST
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRectal cancer (RC) patients with a clinical complete response (cCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) may qualify for a watch-and-wait (W&W) approach. However, a 20-30% local tumor regrowth rate highlights challenges in identifying true responders. This study explores markers for future near-infrared fluorescence tumor imaging by endoscopy to differentiate responders and the effect of nCRT on their expression.

methodsRC samples (

resultsCEA, EpCAM, and c-MET were overexpressed in tumor tissue as compared to adjacent healthy mucosa in 100% (51/51), 98.4% (50/51), and 92% (47/51) of tumor biopsies, respectively, while EGFR showed no overexpression. A tumor-to-normal (T/N) ratio ≥ 2 was considered sufficient for differentiation in molecular fluorescence imaging. In pre-treatment biopsy samples, c-MET showed the highest T/N expression ratio (53% of the samples ≥ 2), followed by CEA (26.3%) and EpCAM (16%). Following nCRT treatment, CEA and c-MET maintained a ≥ 2 differential expression in 45% of all samples, whereas EpCAM exhibited this difference in only 9.2% of cases. Neoadjuvant therapy even significantly improved the T/N expression ratio for CEA and c-MET (

conclusionsc-MET and CEA emerged as optimal tumor imaging targets, showing sustained differential expression after nCRT. In vivo fluorescence-guided endoscopy using probes against these markers could play a role in future clinical decision-making.

Indexed as

molecular imagingnear-infrared fluorescence imagingneoadjuvant therapyrectal cancertarget selectiontumor imaging

Identifiers

PMID40563608
PMCPMC12190537

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.