ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Current Insight into Biological Markers of Depressive Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Narrative Review.
Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Vitamin E Intake Modulates the Effect of Selenomethionine on Sexual Function and Depressive Symptoms in Reproductive-Age Women with Euthyroid Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Pilot Study.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Biological Risk Factors for Suicidal Behavior in Children and Adolescents: A Narrative Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota and metabolites as potential modulators of cognitive impairment after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a hypothesis-driven review.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Depressive disorder (DD) in children and adolescents is a growing public health concern with a complex and multifactorial etiology. While most biomarker research has focused on adults, increasing attention is being paid to age-specific molecular mechanisms. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on potential biomarkers of DD, including genetic, neurotransmitter, hormonal, inflammatory, lipid, and oxidative stress markers, in youth compared to adult populations. Special emphasis is given to findings from the DEPOXIN project (Molecular basis of depressive disorder in children and adolescents, the influence of omega-3 fatty acids and oxidative stress), a multicenter study investigating biological markers in children and adolescents with DD. The project identified significantly increased oxidative stress markers (8-isoprostanes, advanced oxidation protein products, nitrotyrosine) and decreased antioxidant enzyme activity (glutathione peroxidase). Moreover, HDL (high density lipoproteins) cholesterol and its subfractions were negatively correlated with depression severity. At the same time, thromboxane B2, omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratios, and salivary cortisol levels showed strong positive correlations with depressive symptoms and biochemical markers of inflammation. These results suggest a distinct molecular profile of depression in paediatric populations, emphasizing the importance of developmental context in biomarker research. The review aims to synthesize existing evidence, compare findings across age groups, and highlight the need for personalized, age-appropriate strategies in the diagnosis and treatment of depressive disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.