ArticleJournal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association2025
Barriers to Healthy Eating and Influences on the Dietary Patterns and Eating Behaviours of 18-36-Month-Old Children in Ireland.
Article in Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundYoung children have high nutritional requirements relative to their size and energy intakes, yet inadequate nutrient intakes are widespread. Factors impacting the ability of caregivers to provide nutritionally adequate diets to young children are understudied.
objectiveTo evaluate key influences on the dietary patterns and eating behaviours of young children in Ireland.
methodsParents and guardians with a child aged 18-36 months were invited to complete a self-administered online survey. The 103-question survey was delivered across 5 subsections (Socio-Demographics, Parental Nutrition Knowledge, Parental Feeding Practice, Child Food Fussiness, Barriers to Healthy Eating and Dietary Patterns). Adherence (%) to current Dietary Guidelines for 1-5-year-olds and the Children's Food Pyramid were assessed using a food frequency approach to create an adherence score based on 7 components, including consumption of red and processed meat, fish, dairy, fruit and vegetables, confectionary and beverages.
resultsWe received 1158 responses, mostly from mothers (96.3%) born in Ireland (85.5%), of whom 80.1% had at least a primary degree. The mean (±SD) age of children was 26.2 ± 5.8 months and 54.6% were enrolled in an early years service, of which 74.3% provided food. The mean (±SD) dietary guideline adherence score among children was 55.5% ± 19.7%. The Children's Food Pyramid was recognised by 76.3% of parents and mean (±SD) nutrition knowledge score was 57.9% ± 14.6%, which was associated with dietary guideline adherence (r = 0.122, p < 0.001). Reported barriers to healthy eating were "food fussiness" (49%), "time to prepare healthy foods" (47%) and "provision of unhealthy foods by caregivers outside the home" (47%). Moderate to severe fussy eating was noted in 36% of children and food fussiness was associated with lower dietary guideline adherence (r = -0.172, p < 0.001). The children of respondents (13.1%) following restrictive diets (e.g., vegetarian, gluten-free) had a lower than average dietary guideline adherence score (50.2% ± 18.3% p < 0.001).
conclusionsMany associated factors influence the dietary patterns of young children. Improved understanding of these influences may help to guide the design of targeted nutrition supports and education programmes for this age group.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.