Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40562548›Full record

Trial reportBMJ open2025

Patient perceptions of primary care rapid respiratory microbiological point-of-care testing: a qualitative study.

Rebecca Clarke, Emily Brown, Alastair D Hay, Paul Mitchell, Matthew J Ridd, Liang Zhu, Lucy Yardley

Abstract readMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Observational
  3. Current practice and timing of rapid point-of-care testing for acute respiratory tract infections in outpatient care: a retrospective cohort study.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Rebecca ClarkeSchool of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK rebecca.clarke@bristol.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-837X
Emily BrownCentre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-1769
Alastair D HayCentre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Paul MitchellHealth Economics and Health Policy, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7593-4460
Matthew J RiddCentre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7954-8823
Liang ZhuHealth Economics and Health Policy, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Lucy YardleySchool of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesRapid microbiological point-of-care tests (RM-POCTs) have the potential to reduce antimicrobial overuse for respiratory tract infections (RTIs). However, patient perspectives regarding RM-POCTs remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore patients' and parents' experiences using RM-POCTs for RTIs and their views on how RM-POCTs influence treatment decisions, symptom management and future consulting.

designA qualitative study using in-depth, semistructured interviews. Data were analysed thematically, informed by a realist approach.

settingInterviewees were recruited from a multicentre, individually randomised controlled efficacy trial evaluating the use of a multiplex RM-POCT for suspected RTIs in primary care.

participantsPurposive sample of primary care patients (n=21 adults, 9 parents) participating in the trial.

resultsIn general, participants viewed RM-POCTs favourably. Patients believed RM-POCTs reduced diagnostic uncertainty but emphasised that RM-POCTs should be used alongside clinical judgement. For some, additional information from RM-POCTs created positive outcome expectancies and reduced the perception that antibiotics were necessary. Others felt invalidated by RM-POCTs' results or believed further support was necessary to understand when antibiotics were needed and how they could manage symptoms. While RM-POCTs may reduce reconsulting for the same illness, participants indicated future consulting behaviours would persist for self-limiting symptoms or health anxiety. Increased consulting may occur if patients perceive RM-POCTs to reduce pressure on primary care.

conclusionRM-POCT offers the potential to improve self-efficacy beliefs and reduce reconsulting for the same illness. Effective clinician communication and patient education may be beneficial alongside RM-POCTs to minimise unintended outcomes and enhance patients' ability to determine when primary care attendance is necessary in the future. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN16039192.

Indexed as

Point-of-Care TestingPrimary Health CareRespiratory Tract InfectionsAdultAgedAnti-Bacterial AgentsFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedParentsQualitative ResearchYoung AdultAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntibioticsDiagnostic microbiologyPrimary CareQUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Identifiers

PMID40562548
PMCPMC12198824

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.