ArticleLasers in medical science2025
Efficiency of the extracellular polymeric matrix disruptor Zerumbone in combination with Photodithazine® in the photodynamic inactivation of monospecies biofilms.
Article in Lasers in medical science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Photodithazine-Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy: A Systematic Review of Efficacy and Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Zerumbone combined with antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation reduces growth of Candida albicans biofilms and modulates virulence gene expression.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2026Article
- Zerumbone Combined with Hydrolytic Enzymes: A Promising Strategy to Control Mixed Biofilms ofACS omega · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Zerumbone (ZER), a sesquiterpene extracted from Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith, enhances the antibiofilm effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) by reducing the extracellular matrix of biofilms and increasing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) when applied prior to aPDT. To reduce treatment application time, ZER was combined with Photodithazine® (PDZ) in a single solution. Then, this study investigated the potential of aPDT mediated by a mixture of ZER with PDZ in the inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, fluconazole-susceptible (CaS) and resistant (CaR) Candida albicans biofilms. The solutions of ZER, PDZ and their mixture (ZER + PDZ) were analyzed using absorbance spectroscopy (AS), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and mass spectrometry (MS) to confirm the absence of molecular alterations in the mixture of ZER + PDZ. 48 h-biofilms were growth and treatments were performed: 1-ZER (256 µg/mL); 2-PDZ (200 µg/mL); 3-PDZ + LED; 4-ZER + PDZ + LED; 5- MIX (ZER + PDZ) + LED; Control (without treatment). Irradiation was performed using a red LED (660 nm, 50 J/cm², 30 mW/cm²). Sterile PBS was employed as the control group. For cytotoxicity assessments ffi broblast (HGF) and keratinocyte (NOK-si) oral cells were cultured for 24 h and submitted to treatments. Both ZER + PDZ + LED and MIX (ZER + PDZ) + LED groups showed the greatest statistically significant reduction in CFU/mL when compared to the control group (p ≤ 0.011) in all evaluated strain, with no significant difference between them (p ≥ 0.218). The reduction observed was 2.74, 2.89, 2.45 and 2.07 log
Indexed as
Identifiers
40560448What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.