Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40560304›Full record

ArticleHead and neck pathology2025

Rethinking Ameloblastic Fibroma and Fibro-odontoma: A Serie of 6 Cases and Reclassification Proposal.

Jonas Ver Berne, Reinhilde Jacobs, Esther Hauben

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Head and neck pathology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jonas Ver BerneDepartment of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. jonas.verberne@gmail.com.
Reinhilde JacobsDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Esther HaubenDepartment of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe classification of mixed odontogenic tumors-specifically ameloblastic fibroma (AF), ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO), and odontoma-remains controversial. The current WHO classification emphasizes the presence of dental hard tissues but overlooks the distinction between aberrant inductive activity and maturation resembling normal odontogenesis. This has led to diagnostic ambiguity and inconsistent management strategies. This study aims to propose a biologically grounded reclassification based on histological, developmental, and molecular criteria.

methodsWe conducted a conceptual reassessment of AF, AFO, and odontoma, using six cases from our pathology archives. Histological slides were reviewed with focus on the type and organization of mineralized tissue (tubular dentin, osteodentine, enamel) and its epithelial-mesenchymal context. Clinical and radiological data were evaluated, and BRAF V600E mutation status was retrieved when available. A targeted literature review was performed to integrate findings on histology, genetic alterations, and malignant transformation risk.

resultsTwo distinct lesion types were identified: (1) Ameloblastic fibroma with aberrant inductive activity, showing irregular osteodentine and enameloid deposits without odontoblast differentiation, harboring BRAF mutations; and (2) odontomas, characterized by mature tubular dentin and enamel formation, indicating a hamartomatous nature, despite significant clinical growth. Historical descriptions support this biological dichotomy, emphasizing the difference between aberrant inductive activity and processes resembling normal odontogenesis.

conclusionWe propose abandoning AFO as a distinct diagnostic entity. Instead, lesions could be classified based on the presence of organized, mature dental hard tissues. AF with aberrant inductive activity represents a benign neoplasm with low malignant potential, while odontoma is a hamartomatous lesion sometimes with large growth capacity but no malignant risk. This binary classification would align histological criteria with biological behavior, integrate molecular data, and restore diagnostic clarity. The validity of this framework should be investigated in future cohorts.

Indexed as

FibromaJaw NeoplasmsOdontogenic TumorsOdontomaAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedAmeloblastic fibromaAmeloblastic fibro-odontomaBRAF mutationsEpithelial-mesenchymal interactionOdontogenic tumorsOdontoma

Identifiers

PMID40560304
PMCPMC12198082

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.