ArticleNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Synthesis, Characterization, and Toxicity Evaluation of Size-Dependent Iron-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks.
Article in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Engineering metal-organic framework-based smart porous nanoplatforms for targeted therapy and theranostic applications.Smart molecules : open access · 2026Review
- The MOF-Microbiome Axis: a New Paradigm for Precision Nanomedicine.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Enhanced nanoencapsulation of gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and lysozyme in chitosan-MIL-53 metal-organic frameworks for a synergistic activity against drug-resistantRSC advances · 2026Article
- Redefining the Health Risk of Battery Materials Through a Biologically Transformed Metal Mixture.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Metal-Organic Framework-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Therapeutic Metal Ions: Engineering Biomaterials for Multimodal Disease Treatment.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Fe-Ce Bimetallic MOFs for Water Environment Remediation: Efficient Removal of Fluoride and Phosphate.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Iron-based metal-organic frameworks (Fe-MOFs) are promising for biomedical and environmental applications due to their porosity, tunable chemistry, and biocompatibility. This study examines how particle size, morphology, and ligand composition affect the properties and cytotoxicity of MIL-101(Fe) and MIL-88A. MIL-101(Fe) (octahedral) and MIL-88A (rod-like) were synthesized with a controlled size (~200 nm to ~5 μm). Both showed a high crystallinity and stability. Cytotoxicity assays in A549 cells revealed size- and structure-dependent effects: smaller particles of MIL-88A caused greater toxicity (32.5% viability) than MIL-101(Fe) (66.1% viability at 100 μg/mL), while larger particles were less toxic. MIL-88A also induced higher reactive oxidative species (ROS) levels and degraded more rapidly, releasing more Fe ions. Toxicity predication analysis indicated the higher inherent toxicity of MIL-88A's ligand (fumaric acid) compared to MIL-101(Fe)'s terephthalic acid. These results demonstrate that structural and chemical factors collectively influence Fe-MOFs' biocompatibility and highlight the importance of rational design for safer MOF applications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.