ArticleInfectious disease reports2025
Validation of a Questionnaire on the Post-COVID-19 Condition (Long COVID): A Cross-Sectional Study in Italy.
Article in Infectious disease reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- NeuroCOVID Burden and Functional Impairment in Adults with Long COVID: A Secondary Analysis of an Italian Cohort.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Burnout Among Italian Nurses: Organizational Correlates, Workload Burden, and Workforce Sustainability in a National Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Observational
- Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 in Tunisia, 2020-2021.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Clinical and Symptom Profiles of Long-COVID Patients in Italy: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Outcomes, Sequelae, and Ventilatory Strategies in Long COVID Patients with Severe ARDS: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesLong COVID is a condition that was initially recognized by social support groups, and later by the scientific and medical communities. It affects COVID-19 survivors at various levels of severity, including young people, children and non-hospitalized people. Although the exact definition is unclear, the most common symptoms are fatigue and shortness of breath, which persist for months. Other symptoms include cognitive impairment, pain, palpitations, and gastrointestinal and heart problems. This study evaluated the reliability and validity of a questionnaire designed to examine the development and effects of long COVID.
methodsA questionnaire, composed of three sections, with a total of 24 items, was administered to subjects who had recovered from the COVID-19 disease in Italy. Data were collected from February to April 2025, and a statistical analysis was performed using R
resultsThe highest value of Cronbach's alpha was found on 18 items (alpha = 0.97), which means that the questionnaire has satisfactory internal validity.
conclusionsThis study highlights and confirms the continuity of symptoms manifested during the acute phase of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the post-COVID-19 phase and the significant impact of these symptoms on daily life activities. Given its excellent reliability properties and high internal consistency, the instrument is recommended for future longitudinal studies and with large cohorts in order to carry out valid and replicable measurements of COVID-19 symptomatology.
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