Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40558601›Full record

ArticleEpidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Navigating Vaccine Misinformation: Assessing Newly Licensed Physicians' Ability to Distinguish Facts from Fake News.

Elena Maria Ticozzi, Giovanni Gaetti, Luca Gambolò, Dario Bottignole, Pasquale Di Fronzo, Daniele Solla, Giuseppe Stirparo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Observational
  3. Medical misinformation and the crisis of professional authority.Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Elena Maria TicozziSIMED-Società Italiana di Medicina e Divulgazione Scientifica, 43125 Parma, Italy.
Giovanni GaettiSIMED-Società Italiana di Medicina e Divulgazione Scientifica, 43125 Parma, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5464-5822
Luca GambolòSIMED-Società Italiana di Medicina e Divulgazione Scientifica, 43125 Parma, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6468-9471
Dario BottignoleSIMED-Società Italiana di Medicina e Divulgazione Scientifica, 43125 Parma, Italy.ORCID 0009-0003-1986-8096
Pasquale Di FronzoSIMED-Società Italiana di Medicina e Divulgazione Scientifica, 43125 Parma, Italy.ORCID 0009-0007-2139-0422
Daniele SollaSIMED-Società Italiana di Medicina e Divulgazione Scientifica, 43125 Parma, Italy.
Giuseppe StirparoSIMED-Società Italiana di Medicina e Divulgazione Scientifica, 43125 Parma, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3803-9798

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNewly licensed physicians play a significant role in healthcare systems. However, they often lack knowledge about vaccine practices. This study aims to evaluate their ability to distinguish between fake news and the actual side effects of vaccines.

methodsWe distributed a questionnaire to assess newly licensed physicians' knowledge of side effects of vaccines and widespread fake news about them. We enrolled 317 newly licensed Italian physicians.

resultsThe average questionnaire score was 6.21/10 (SD = ±1.25). Work experience and age did not correlate with scores.

conclusionsMany participants were not able to distinguish between fake news and real vaccines' side effects (e.g., the possible association between varicella vaccine and seizures). Furthermore, many physicians have been shown to believe in fake news. This lack of knowledge could lead to the inability to scientifically respond to anti-vaccinationists, thus increasing mistrust in medical counseling. Addressing knowledge gaps among recently licensed physicians is crucial to improving proper counseling and increasing public adherence to vaccination campaigns.

Indexed as

medical educationpreventive medicinevaccinesyoung physicians

Identifiers

PMID40558601
PMCPMC12191436

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.